#以太坊大户持仓变化 Is Ethereum going to be the operating system of the digital world? Recently, Vitalik Buterin threw out a metaphor, saying that Ethereum should learn from Linux—open source, free, ubiquitous—silently supporting billions of devices worldwide. The community exploded.

**The vision sounds flawless**

According to the plan, the Ethereum mainnet (L1) should become the foundation of the digital society. Finance, identity, social, governance—all core functions that require trust and autonomy—should be built on it. The Ethereum Foundation’s goal is clear: to make it the operating system of the internet, where value, computation, and consensus all run on top.

Sounds grand, right? But here’s the problem.

**The backyard is a mess**

Today, the Ethereum ecosystem has accumulated 127 Layer 2 scaling chains. Theoretically, this is a good thing—each L2 aims to solve slow transaction speeds and high fees. But in reality?

The space is extremely crowded, with traffic and revenue concentrated in just a few top chains. Most L2s are not earning much, their income is plummeting, and life is getting harder. Even more painfully, so many chains actually harm user experience—asset cross-chain transfers are complex, each chain operates independently, turning into isolated data islands.

So the question is: are these 127 L2s helping Ethereum scale, or are they tearing down its foundation? The ideal of an operating system and the reality of the ecosystem are separated by an invisible chasm.