A joint whitepaper released by ARK Invest and Unchained shows that approximately 34.6% of Bitcoin's supply still faces long-term risks from quantum computing breakthroughs, while 65.4% of the supply is currently relatively secure. Threatened assets include approximately 5 million BTC that are migratable due to address reuse, 1.7 million BTC existing in early P2PK addresses, and 200,000 BTC in P2TR address assets. The report points out that while quantum computing poses a long-term risk, Bitcoin needs to undergo a soft fork upgrade by integrating post-quantum cryptography (PQC) standards such as ML-DSA or SLH-DSA. Additionally, the BIP-360 proposal under discussion suggests introducing a Pay-to-Merkle-Root output type to reduce Taproot's key path vulnerabilities. ARK expects that quantum computers may not be able to crack the first public key until the mid-2030s. (Cointelegraph)

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