I recently followed Vitalik Buterin's explanations on Ethereum's scaling trajectory, and it’s quite interesting to see how the team is thinking about it. Essentially, the strategy is divided into two distinct phases.

In the short term, everything revolves around the next Glamsterdam update. Vitalik lays out several key improvements: block-level access lists that speed up validation, the ePBS mechanism that gives more time to validate blocks, and an adjustment to gas prices to better match actual execution time. What struck me most is the introduction of multidimensional gas to differentiate resource usage and reduce state congestion.

An interesting technical detail: during Glamsterdam, state creation costs will be separated. Concretely, the gas used to create state will no longer count toward the standard gas limit, which will allow for larger contract deployments. And to avoid breaking compatibility, the EVM will use a reservoir mechanism so that sub-calls and gas operations continue to work normally.

At the same time, Ethereum will gradually move toward multidimensional gas pricing to ensure long-term economic sustainability while keeping flexibility.

In the long term, Vitalik emphasizes ZK-EVM and blobs. With iterative improvements like PeerDAS, the goal is to achieve data availability of 8 Mo/s. That means block data could be verified directly without full downloads, which would really change the game for scalability.

It’s a balanced approach: quick short-term solutions to relieve immediate congestion, followed by a deeper redesign with technologies like ZK-EVM for long-term viability. Vitalik has clearly thought through how to evolve Ethereum without sacrificing security or decentralization.