Ethereum Foundation Director: L2 should move towards differentiation, Ethereum native account abstraction and ZK-EVM will thoroughly optimize user experience

Foresight News reports that Hsiao-Wei Wang, Co-Executive Director of the Ethereum Foundation, shared her insights on the Ethereum scalability roadmap, user experience, and AI agents at Consensus 2026. Regarding Vitalik’s previous suggestion that the focus of scalability should return to L1, she believes this is more of a recommendation for L2. She pointed out that L2 should pursue differentiation and specialization, such as building specific application chains to provide extreme scalability. L1 should serve as the most secure settlement layer, handling the most critical activities, while L2 is responsible for activities that aim to deliver the best user experience.

The current biggest pain point in user experience is wallets and entry barriers. Ethereum will promote native account abstraction in the future, making smart contract wallets the default choice, replacing traditional externally owned accounts (EOA), so users can enter the crypto world without requiring deep background knowledge. Improvements in privacy features will help Ethereum stand out in the ecosystem competition, as the community has been deeply working on privacy technology for years. ZK-EVM is Ethereum’s long-term scalability plan, which will significantly improve network efficiency through zero-knowledge proof technology. The future challenge for AI agents lies in how to define and regulate interactions between AI agents. The industry must establish trustless interaction standards to ensure users are interacting with their own agents, rather than third-party agents that could manipulate transaction content.